import ipaddress
import uuid
import weakref
from datetime import date, datetime, time, timedelta
from decimal import Decimal
from enum import Enum
from pathlib import Path
from typing import (
TYPE_CHECKING,
AbstractSet,
Any,
Callable,
ClassVar,
Dict,
List,
Mapping,
Optional,
Sequence,
Set,
Tuple,
Type,
TypeVar,
Union,
cast,
overload,
)
from pydantic import BaseModel, EmailStr
from pydantic.fields import FieldInfo as PydanticFieldInfo
from sqlalchemy import (
Boolean,
Column,
Date,
DateTime,
Float,
ForeignKey,
Integer,
Interval,
Numeric,
inspect,
)
from sqlalchemy import Enum as sa_Enum
from sqlalchemy.orm import (
Mapped,
RelationshipProperty,
declared_attr,
registry,
relationship,
)
from sqlalchemy.orm.attributes import set_attribute
from sqlalchemy.orm.decl_api import DeclarativeMeta
from sqlalchemy.orm.instrumentation import is_instrumented
from sqlalchemy.sql.schema import MetaData
from sqlalchemy.sql.sqltypes import LargeBinary, Time, Uuid
from typing_extensions import Literal, deprecated, get_origin
from ._compat import ( # type: ignore[attr-defined]
IS_PYDANTIC_V2,
PYDANTIC_VERSION,
BaseConfig,
ModelField,
ModelMetaclass,
Representation,
SQLModelConfig,
Undefined,
UndefinedType,
_calculate_keys,
finish_init,
get_annotations,
get_config_value,
get_field_metadata,
get_model_fields,
get_relationship_to,
get_type_from_field,
init_pydantic_private_attrs,
is_field_noneable,
is_table_model_class,
post_init_field_info,
set_config_value,
sqlmodel_init,
sqlmodel_validate,
)
from .sql.sqltypes import AutoString
if TYPE_CHECKING:
from pydantic._internal._model_construction import ModelMetaclass as ModelMetaclass
from pydantic._internal._repr import Representation as Representation
from pydantic_core import PydanticUndefined as Undefined
from pydantic_core import PydanticUndefinedType as UndefinedType
_T = TypeVar("_T")
NoArgAnyCallable = Callable[[], Any]
IncEx = Union[Set[int], Set[str], Dict[int, Any], Dict[str, Any], None]
OnDeleteType = Literal["CASCADE", "SET NULL", "RESTRICT"]
def __dataclass_transform__(
*,
eq_default: bool = True,
order_default: bool = False,
kw_only_default: bool = False,
field_descriptors: Tuple[Union[type, Callable[..., Any]], ...] = (()),
) -> Callable[[_T], _T]:
return lambda a: a
class FieldInfo(PydanticFieldInfo):
def __init__(self, default: Any = Undefined, **kwargs: Any) -> None:
primary_key = kwargs.pop("primary_key", False)
nullable = kwargs.pop("nullable", Undefined)
foreign_key = kwargs.pop("foreign_key", Undefined)
ondelete = kwargs.pop("ondelete", Undefined)
unique = kwargs.pop("unique", False)
index = kwargs.pop("index", Undefined)
sa_type = kwargs.pop("sa_type", Undefined)
sa_column = kwargs.pop("sa_column", Undefined)
sa_column_args = kwargs.pop("sa_column_args", Undefined)
sa_column_kwargs = kwargs.pop("sa_column_kwargs", Undefined)
if sa_column is not Undefined:
if sa_column_args is not Undefined:
raise RuntimeError(
"Passing sa_column_args is not supported when "
"also passing a sa_column"
)
if sa_column_kwargs is not Undefined:
raise RuntimeError(
"Passing sa_column_kwargs is not supported when "
"also passing a sa_column"
)
if primary_key is not Undefined:
raise RuntimeError(
"Passing primary_key is not supported when "
"also passing a sa_column"
)
if nullable is not Undefined:
raise RuntimeError(
"Passing nullable is not supported when also passing a sa_column"
)
if foreign_key is not Undefined:
raise RuntimeError(
"Passing foreign_key is not supported when "
"also passing a sa_column"
)
if ondelete is not Undefined:
raise RuntimeError(
"Passing ondelete is not supported when also passing a sa_column"
)
if unique is not Undefined:
raise RuntimeError(
"Passing unique is not supported when also passing a sa_column"
)
if index is not Undefined:
raise RuntimeError(
"Passing index is not supported when also passing a sa_column"
)
if sa_type is not Undefined:
raise RuntimeError(
"Passing sa_type is not supported when also passing a sa_column"
)
if ondelete is not Undefined:
if foreign_key is Undefined:
raise RuntimeError("ondelete can only be used with foreign_key")
super().__init__(default=default, **kwargs)
self.primary_key = primary_key
self.nullable = nullable
self.foreign_key = foreign_key
self.ondelete = ondelete
self.unique = unique
self.index = index
self.sa_type = sa_type
self.sa_column = sa_column
self.sa_column_args = sa_column_args
self.sa_column_kwargs = sa_column_kwargs
class RelationshipInfo(Representation):
def __init__(
self,
*,
back_populates: Optional[str] = None,
cascade_delete: Optional[bool] = False,
passive_deletes: Optional[Union[bool, Literal["all"]]] = False,
link_model: Optional[Any] = None,
sa_relationship: Optional[RelationshipProperty] = None, # type: ignore
sa_relationship_args: Optional[Sequence[Any]] = None,
sa_relationship_kwargs: Optional[Mapping[str, Any]] = None,
) -> None:
if sa_relationship is not None:
if sa_relationship_args is not None:
raise RuntimeError(
"Passing sa_relationship_args is not supported when "
"also passing a sa_relationship"
)
if sa_relationship_kwargs is not None:
raise RuntimeError(
"Passing sa_relationship_kwargs is not supported when "
"also passing a sa_relationship"
)
self.back_populates = back_populates
self.cascade_delete = cascade_delete
self.passive_deletes = passive_deletes
self.link_model = link_model
self.sa_relationship = sa_relationship
self.sa_relationship_args = sa_relationship_args
self.sa_relationship_kwargs = sa_relationship_kwargs
# include sa_type, sa_column_args, sa_column_kwargs
@overload
def Field(
default: Any = Undefined,
*,
default_factory: Optional[NoArgAnyCallable] = None,
alias: Optional[str] = None,
title: Optional[str] = None,
description: Optional[str] = None,
exclude: Union[
AbstractSet[Union[int, str]], Mapping[Union[int, str], Any], Any
] = None,
include: Union[
AbstractSet[Union[int, str]], Mapping[Union[int, str], Any], Any
] = None,
const: Optional[bool] = None,
gt: Optional[float] = None,
ge: Optional[float] = None,
lt: Optional[float] = None,
le: Optional[float] = None,
multiple_of: Optional[float] = None,
max_digits: Optional[int] = None,
decimal_places: Optional[int] = None,
min_items: Optional[int] = None,
max_items: Optional[int] = None,
unique_items: Optional[bool] = None,
min_length: Optional[int] = None,
max_length: Optional[int] = None,
allow_mutation: bool = True,
regex: Optional[str] = None,
discriminator: Optional[str] = None,
repr: bool = True,
primary_key: Union[bool, UndefinedType] = Undefined,
foreign_key: Any = Undefined,
unique: Union[bool, UndefinedType] = Undefined,
nullable: Union[bool, UndefinedType] = Undefined,
index: Union[bool, UndefinedType] = Undefined,
sa_type: Union[Type[Any], UndefinedType] = Undefined,
sa_column_args: Union[Sequence[Any], UndefinedType] = Undefined,
sa_column_kwargs: Union[Mapping[str, Any], UndefinedType] = Undefined,
schema_extra: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
) -> Any: ...
# When foreign_key is str, include ondelete
# include sa_type, sa_column_args, sa_column_kwargs
@overload
def Field(
default: Any = Undefined,
*,
default_factory: Optional[NoArgAnyCallable] = None,
alias: Optional[str] = None,
title: Optional[str] = None,
description: Optional[str] = None,
exclude: Union[
AbstractSet[Union[int, str]], Mapping[Union[int, str], Any], Any
] = None,
include: Union[
AbstractSet[Union[int, str]], Mapping[Union[int, str], Any], Any
] = None,
const: Optional[bool] = None,
gt: Optional[float] = None,
ge: Optional[float] = None,
lt: Optional[float] = None,
le: Optional[float] = None,
multiple_of: Optional[float] = None,
max_digits: Optional[int] = None,
decimal_places: Optional[int] = None,
min_items: Optional[int] = None,
max_items: Optional[int] = None,
unique_items: Optional[bool] = None,
min_length: Optional[int] = None,
max_length: Optional[int] = None,
allow_mutation: bool = True,
regex: Optional[str] = None,
discriminator: Optional[str] = None,
repr: bool = True,
primary_key: Union[bool, UndefinedType] = Undefined,
foreign_key: str,
ondelete: Union[OnDeleteType, UndefinedType] = Undefined,
unique: Union[bool, UndefinedType] = Undefined,
nullable: Union[bool, UndefinedType] = Undefined,
index: Union[bool, UndefinedType] = Undefined,
sa_type: Union[Type[Any], UndefinedType] = Undefined,
sa_column_args: Union[Sequence[Any], UndefinedType] = Undefined,
sa_column_kwargs: Union[Mapping[str, Any], UndefinedType] = Undefined,
schema_extra: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
) -> Any: ...
# Include sa_column, don't include
# primary_key
# foreign_key
# ondelete
# unique
# nullable
# index
# sa_type
# sa_column_args
# sa_column_kwargs
@overload
def Field(
default: Any = Undefined,
*,
default_factory: Optional[NoArgAnyCallable] = None,
alias: Optional[str] = None,
title: Optional[str] = None,
description: Optional[str] = None,
exclude: Union[
AbstractSet[Union[int, str]], Mapping[Union[int, str], Any], Any
] = None,
include: Union[
AbstractSet[Union[int, str]], Mapping[Union[int, str], Any], Any
] = None,
const: Optional[bool] = None,
gt: Optional[float] = None,
ge: Optional[float] = None,
lt: Optional[float] = None,
le: Optional[float] = None,
multiple_of: Optional[float] = None,
max_digits: Optional[int] = None,
decimal_places: Optional[int] = None,
min_items: Optional[int] = None,
max_items: Optional[int] = None,
unique_items: Optional[bool] = None,
min_length: Optional[int] = None,
max_length: Optional[int] = None,
allow_mutation: bool = True,
regex: Optional[str] = None,
discriminator: Optional[str] = None,
repr: bool = True,
sa_column: Union[Column, UndefinedType] = Undefined, # type: ignore
schema_extra: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
) -> Any: ...
def Field(
default: Any = Undefined,
*,
default_factory: Optional[NoArgAnyCallable] = None,
alias: Optional[str] = None,
title: Optional[str] = None,
description: Optional[str] = None,
exclude: Union[
AbstractSet[Union[int, str]], Mapping[Union[int, str], Any], Any
] = None,
include: Union[
AbstractSet[Union[int, str]], Mapping[Union[int, str], Any], Any
] = None,
const: Optional[bool] = None,
gt: Optional[float] = None,
ge: Optional[float] = None,
lt: Optional[float] = None,
le: Optional[float] = None,
multiple_of: Optional[float] = None,
max_digits: Optional[int] = None,
decimal_places: Optional[int] = None,
min_items: Optional[int] = None,
max_items: Optional[int] = None,
unique_items: Optional[bool] = None,
min_length: Optional[int] = None,
max_length: Optional[int] = None,
allow_mutation: bool = True,
regex: Optional[str] = None,
discriminator: Optional[str] = None,
repr: bool = True,
primary_key: Union[bool, UndefinedType] = Undefined,
foreign_key: Any = Undefined,
ondelete: Union[OnDeleteType, UndefinedType] = Undefined,
unique: Union[bool, UndefinedType] = Undefined,
nullable: Union[bool, UndefinedType] = Undefined,
index: Union[bool, UndefinedType] = Undefined,
sa_type: Union[Type[Any], UndefinedType] = Undefined,
sa_column: Union[Column, UndefinedType] = Undefined, # type: ignore
sa_column_args: Union[Sequence[Any], UndefinedType] = Undefined,
sa_column_kwargs: Union[Mapping[str, Any], UndefinedType] = Undefined,
schema_extra: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
) -> Any:
current_schema_extra = schema_extra or {}
field_info = FieldInfo(
default,
default_factory=default_factory,
alias=alias,
title=title,
description=description,
exclude=exclude,
include=include,
const=const,
gt=gt,
ge=ge,
lt=lt,
le=le,
multiple_of=multiple_of,
max_digits=max_digits,
decimal_places=decimal_places,
min_items=min_items,
max_items=max_items,
unique_items=unique_items,
min_length=min_length,
max_length=max_length,
allow_mutation=allow_mutation,
regex=regex,
discriminator=discriminator,
repr=repr,
primary_key=primary_key,
foreign_key=foreign_key,
ondelete=ondelete,
unique=unique,
nullable=nullable,
index=index,
sa_type=sa_type,
sa_column=sa_column,
sa_column_args=sa_column_args,
sa_column_kwargs=sa_column_kwargs,
**current_schema_extra,
)
post_init_field_info(field_info)
return field_info
@overload
def Relationship(
*,
back_populates: Optional[str] = None,
cascade_delete: Optional[bool] = False,
passive_deletes: Optional[Union[bool, Literal["all"]]] = False,
link_model: Optional[Any] = None,
sa_relationship_args: Optional[Sequence[Any]] = None,
sa_relationship_kwargs: Optional[Mapping[str, Any]] = None,
) -> Any: ...
@overload
def Relationship(
*,
back_populates: Optional[str] = None,
cascade_delete: Optional[bool] = False,
passive_deletes: Optional[Union[bool, Literal["all"]]] = False,
link_model: Optional[Any] = None,
sa_relationship: Optional[RelationshipProperty[Any]] = None,
) -> Any: ...
def Relationship(
*,
back_populates: Optional[str] = None,
cascade_delete: Optional[bool] = False,
passive_deletes: Optional[Union[bool, Literal["all"]]] = False,
link_model: Optional[Any] = None,
sa_relationship: Optional[RelationshipProperty[Any]] = None,
sa_relationship_args: Optional[Sequence[Any]] = None,
sa_relationship_kwargs: Optional[Mapping[str, Any]] = None,
) -> Any:
relationship_info = RelationshipInfo(
back_populates=back_populates,
cascade_delete=cascade_delete,
passive_deletes=passive_deletes,
link_model=link_model,
sa_relationship=sa_relationship,
sa_relationship_args=sa_relationship_args,
sa_relationship_kwargs=sa_relationship_kwargs,
)
return relationship_info
@__dataclass_transform__(kw_only_default=True, field_descriptors=(Field, FieldInfo))
class SQLModelMetaclass(ModelMetaclass, DeclarativeMeta):
__sqlmodel_relationships__: Dict[str, RelationshipInfo]
model_config: SQLModelConfig
model_fields: Dict[str, FieldInfo]
__config__: Type[SQLModelConfig]
__fields__: Dict[str, ModelField] # type: ignore[assignment]
# Replicate SQLAlchemy
def __setattr__(cls, name: str, value: Any) -> None:
if is_table_model_class(cls):
DeclarativeMeta.__setattr__(cls, name, value)
else:
super().__setattr__(name, value)
def __delattr__(cls, name: str) -> None:
if is_table_model_class(cls):
DeclarativeMeta.__delattr__(cls, name)
else:
super().__delattr__(name)
# From Pydantic
def __new__(
cls,
name: str,
bases: Tuple[Type[Any], ...],
class_dict: Dict[str, Any],
**kwargs: Any,
) -> Any:
relationships: Dict[str, RelationshipInfo] = {}
dict_for_pydantic = {}
original_annotations = get_annotations(class_dict)
pydantic_annotations = {}
relationship_annotations = {}
for k, v in class_dict.items():
if isinstance(v, RelationshipInfo):
relationships[k] = v
else:
dict_for_pydantic[k] = v
for k, v in original_annotations.items():
if k in relationships:
relationship_annotations[k] = v
else:
pydantic_annotations[k] = v
dict_used = {
**dict_for_pydantic,
"__weakref__": None,
"__sqlmodel_relationships__": relationships,
"__annotations__": pydantic_annotations,
}
# Duplicate logic from Pydantic to filter config kwargs because if they are
# passed directly including the registry Pydantic will pass them over to the
# superclass causing an error
allowed_config_kwargs: Set[str] = {
key
for key in dir(BaseConfig)
if not (
key.startswith("__") and key.endswith("__")
) # skip dunder methods and attributes
}
config_kwargs = {
key: kwargs[key] for key in kwargs.keys() & allowed_config_kwargs
}
new_cls = super().__new__(cls, name, bases, dict_used, **config_kwargs)
new_cls.__annotations__ = {
**relationship_annotations,
**pydantic_annotations,
**new_cls.__annotations__,
}
def get_config(name: str) -> Any:
config_class_value = get_config_value(
model=new_cls, parameter=name, default=Undefined
)
if config_class_value is not Undefined:
return config_class_value
kwarg_value = kwargs.get(name, Undefined)
if kwarg_value is not Undefined:
return kwarg_value
return Undefined
config_table = get_config("table")
if config_table is True:
# If it was passed by kwargs, ensure it's also set in config
set_config_value(model=new_cls, parameter="table", value=config_table)
for k, v in get_model_fields(new_cls).items():
col = get_column_from_field(v)
setattr(new_cls, k, col)
# Set a config flag to tell FastAPI that this should be read with a field
# in orm_mode instead of preemptively converting it to a dict.
# This could be done by reading new_cls.model_config['table'] in FastAPI, but
# that's very specific about SQLModel, so let's have another config that
# other future tools based on Pydantic can use.
set_config_value(
model=new_cls, parameter="read_from_attributes", value=True
)
# For compatibility with older versions
# TODO: remove this in the future
set_config_value(model=new_cls, parameter="read_with_orm_mode", value=True)
config_registry = get_config("registry")
if config_registry is not Undefined:
config_registry = cast(registry, config_registry)
# If it was passed by kwargs, ensure it's also set in config
set_config_value(model=new_cls, parameter="registry", value=config_table)
setattr(new_cls, "_sa_registry", config_registry) # noqa: B010
setattr(new_cls, "metadata", config_registry.metadata) # noqa: B010
setattr(new_cls, "__abstract__", True) # noqa: B010
return new_cls
# Override SQLAlchemy, allow both SQLAlchemy and plain Pydantic models
def __init__(
cls, classname: str, bases: Tuple[type, ...], dict_: Dict[str, Any], **kw: Any
) -> None:
# Only one of the base classes (or the current one) should be a table model
# this allows FastAPI cloning a SQLModel for the response_model without
# trying to create a new SQLAlchemy, for a new table, with the same name, that
# triggers an error
base_is_table = any(is_table_model_class(base) for base in bases)
if is_table_model_class(cls) and not base_is_table:
for rel_name, rel_info in cls.__sqlmodel_relationships__.items():
if rel_info.sa_relationship:
# There's a SQLAlchemy relationship declared, that takes precedence
# over anything else, use that and continue with the next attribute
setattr(cls, rel_name, rel_info.sa_relationship) # Fix #315
continue
raw_ann = cls.__annotations__[rel_name]
origin = get_origin(raw_ann)
if origin is Mapped:
ann = raw_ann.__args__[0]
else:
ann = raw_ann
# Plain forward references, for models not yet defined, are not
# handled well by SQLAlchemy without Mapped, so, wrap the
# annotations in Mapped here
cls.__annotations__[rel_name] = Mapped[ann] # type: ignore[valid-type]
relationship_to = get_relationship_to(
name=rel_name, rel_info=rel_info, annotation=ann
)
rel_kwargs: Dict[str, Any] = {}
if rel_info.back_populates:
rel_kwargs["back_populates"] = rel_info.back_populates
if rel_info.cascade_delete:
rel_kwargs["cascade"] = "all, delete-orphan"
if rel_info.passive_deletes:
rel_kwargs["passive_deletes"] = rel_info.passive_deletes
if rel_info.link_model:
ins = inspect(rel_info.link_model)
local_table = getattr(ins, "local_table") # noqa: B009
if local_table is None:
raise RuntimeError(
"Couldn't find the secondary table for "
f"model {rel_info.link_model}"
)
rel_kwargs["secondary"] = local_table
rel_args: List[Any] = []
if rel_info.sa_relationship_args:
rel_args.extend(rel_info.sa_relationship_args)
if rel_info.sa_relationship_kwargs:
rel_kwargs.update(rel_info.sa_relationship_kwargs)
rel_value = relationship(relationship_to, *rel_args, **rel_kwargs)
setattr(cls, rel_name, rel_value) # Fix #315
# SQLAlchemy no longer uses dict_
# Ref: https://github.com/sqlalchemy/sqlalchemy/commit/428ea01f00a9cc7f85e435018565eb6da7af1b77
# Tag: 1.4.36
DeclarativeMeta.__init__(cls, classname, bases, dict_, **kw)
else:
ModelMetaclass.__init__(cls, classname, bases, dict_, **kw)
def get_sqlalchemy_type(field: Any) -> Any:
if IS_PYDANTIC_V2:
field_info = field
else:
field_info = field.field_info
sa_type = getattr(field_info, "sa_type", Undefined) # noqa: B009
if sa_type is not Undefined:
return sa_type
type_ = get_type_from_field(field)
metadata = get_field_metadata(field)
# Check enums first as an enum can also be a str, needed by Pydantic/FastAPI
if issubclass(type_, Enum):
return sa_Enum(type_)
if issubclass(
type_,
(
str,
ipaddress.IPv4Address,
ipaddress.IPv4Network,
ipaddress.IPv6Address,
ipaddress.IPv6Network,
Path,
EmailStr,
),
):
max_length = getattr(metadata, "max_length", None)
if max_length:
return AutoString(length=max_length)
return AutoString
if issubclass(type_, float):
return Float
if issubclass(type_, bool):
return Boolean
if issubclass(type_, int):
return Integer
if issubclass(type_, datetime):
return DateTime
if issubclass(type_, date):
return Date
if issubclass(type_, timedelta):
return Interval
if issubclass(type_, time):
return Time
if issubclass(type_, bytes):
return LargeBinary
if issubclass(type_, Decimal):
return Numeric(
precision=getattr(metadata, "max_digits", None),
scale=getattr(metadata, "decimal_places", None),
)
if issubclass(type_, uuid.UUID):
return Uuid
raise ValueError(f"{type_} has no matching SQLAlchemy type")
def get_column_from_field(field: Any) -> Column: # type: ignore
if IS_PYDANTIC_V2:
field_info = field
else:
field_info = field.field_info
sa_column = getattr(field_info, "sa_column", Undefined)
if isinstance(sa_column, Column):
return sa_column
sa_type = get_sqlalchemy_type(field)
primary_key = getattr(field_info, "primary_key", Undefined)
if primary_key is Undefined:
primary_key = False
index = getattr(field_info, "index", Undefined)
if index is Undefined:
index = False
nullable = not primary_key and is_field_noneable(field)
# Override derived nullability if the nullable property is set explicitly
# on the field
field_nullable = getattr(field_info, "nullable", Undefined) # noqa: B009
if field_nullable is not Undefined:
assert not isinstance(field_nullable, UndefinedType)
nullable = field_nullable
args = []
foreign_key = getattr(field_info, "foreign_key", Undefined)
if foreign_key is Undefined:
foreign_key = None
unique = getattr(field_info, "unique", Undefined)
if unique is Undefined:
unique = False
if foreign_key:
if field_info.ondelete == "SET NULL" and not nullable:
raise RuntimeError('ondelete="SET NULL" requires nullable=True')
assert isinstance(foreign_key, str)
ondelete = getattr(field_info, "ondelete", Undefined)
if ondelete is Undefined:
ondelete = None
assert isinstance(ondelete, (str, type(None))) # for typing
args.append(ForeignKey(foreign_key, ondelete=ondelete))
kwargs = {
"primary_key": primary_key,
"nullable": nullable,
"index": index,
"unique": unique,
}
sa_default = Undefined
if field_info.default_factory:
sa_default = field_info.default_factory
elif field_info.default is not Undefined:
sa_default = field_info.default
if sa_default is not Undefined:
kwargs["default"] = sa_default
sa_column_args = getattr(field_info, "sa_column_args", Undefined)
if sa_column_args is not Undefined:
args.extend(list(cast(Sequence[Any], sa_column_args)))
sa_column_kwargs = getattr(field_info, "sa_column_kwargs", Undefined)
if sa_column_kwargs is not Undefined:
kwargs.update(cast(Dict[Any, Any], sa_column_kwargs))
return Column(sa_type, *args, **kwargs) # type: ignore
class_registry = weakref.WeakValueDictionary() # type: ignore
default_registry = registry()
_TSQLModel = TypeVar("_TSQLModel", bound="SQLModel")
class SQLModel(BaseModel, metaclass=SQLModelMetaclass, registry=default_registry):
# SQLAlchemy needs to set weakref(s), Pydantic will set the other slots values
__slots__ = ("__weakref__",)
__tablename__: ClassVar[Union[str, Callable[..., str]]]
__sqlmodel_relationships__: ClassVar[Dict[str, RelationshipProperty[Any]]]
__name__: ClassVar[str]
metadata: ClassVar[MetaData]
__allow_unmapped__ = True # https://docs.sqlalchemy.org/en/20/changelog/migration_20.html#migration-20-step-six
if IS_PYDANTIC_V2:
model_config = SQLModelConfig(from_attributes=True)
else:
class Config:
orm_mode = True
def __new__(cls, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> Any:
new_object = super().__new__(cls)
# SQLAlchemy doesn't call __init__ on the base class when querying from DB
# Ref: https://docs.sqlalchemy.org/en/14/orm/constructors.html
# Set __fields_set__ here, that would have been set when calling __init__
# in the Pydantic model so that when SQLAlchemy sets attributes that are
# added (e.g. when querying from DB) to the __fields_set__, this already exists
init_pydantic_private_attrs(new_object)
return new_object
def __init__(__pydantic_self__, **data: Any) -> None:
# Uses something other than `self` the first arg to allow "self" as a
# settable attribute
# SQLAlchemy does very dark black magic and modifies the __init__ method in
# sqlalchemy.orm.instrumentation._generate_init()
# so, to make SQLAlchemy work, it's needed to explicitly call __init__ to
# trigger all the SQLAlchemy logic, it doesn't work using cls.__new__, setting
# attributes obj.__dict__, etc. The __init__ method has to be called. But
# there are cases where calling all the default logic is not ideal, e.g.
# when calling Model.model_validate(), as the validation is done outside
# of instance creation.
# At the same time, __init__ is what users would normally call, by creating
# a new instance, which should have validation and all the default logic.
# So, to be able to set up the internal SQLAlchemy logic alone without
# executing the rest, and support things like Model.model_validate(), we
# use a contextvar to know if we should execute everything.
if finish_init.get():
sqlmodel_init(self=__pydantic_self__, data=data)
def __setattr__(self, name: str, value: Any) -> None:
if name in {"_sa_instance_state"}:
self.__dict__[name] = value
return
else:
# Set in SQLAlchemy, before Pydantic to trigger events and updates
if is_table_model_class(self.__class__) and is_instrumented(self, name): # type: ignore[no-untyped-call]
set_attribute(self, name, value)
# Set in Pydantic model to trigger possible validation changes, only for
# non relationship values
if name not in self.__sqlmodel_relationships__:
super().__setattr__(name, value)
def __repr_args__(self) -> Sequence[Tuple[Optional[str], Any]]:
# Don't show SQLAlchemy private attributes
return [
(k, v)
for k, v in super().__repr_args__()
if not (isinstance(k, str) and k.startswith("_sa_"))
]
@declared_attr # type: ignore
def __tablename__(cls) -> str:
return cls.__name__.lower()
@classmethod
def model_validate(
cls: Type[_TSQLModel],
obj: Any,
*,
strict: Union[bool, None] = None,
from_attributes: Union[bool, None] = None,
context: Union[Dict[str, Any], None] = None,
update: Union[Dict[str, Any], None] = None,
) -> _TSQLModel:
return sqlmodel_validate(
cls=cls,
obj=obj,
strict=strict,
from_attributes=from_attributes,
context=context,
update=update,
)
def model_dump(
self,
*,
mode: Union[Literal["json", "python"], str] = "python",
include: IncEx = None,
exclude: IncEx = None,
context: Union[Dict[str, Any], None] = None,
by_alias: bool = False,
exclude_unset: bool = False,
exclude_defaults: bool = False,
exclude_none: bool = False,
round_trip: bool = False,
warnings: Union[bool, Literal["none", "warn", "error"]] = True,
serialize_as_any: bool = False,
) -> Dict[str, Any]:
if PYDANTIC_VERSION >= "2.7.0":
extra_kwargs: Dict[str, Any] = {
"context": context,
"serialize_as_any": serialize_as_any,
}
else:
extra_kwargs = {}
if IS_PYDANTIC_V2:
return super().model_dump(
mode=mode,
include=include,
exclude=exclude,
by_alias=by_alias,
exclude_unset=exclude_unset,
exclude_defaults=exclude_defaults,
exclude_none=exclude_none,
round_trip=round_trip,
warnings=warnings,
**extra_kwargs,
)
else:
return super().dict(
include=include,
exclude=exclude,
by_alias=by_alias,
exclude_unset=exclude_unset,
exclude_defaults=exclude_defaults,
exclude_none=exclude_none,
)
@deprecated(
"""
🚨 `obj.dict()` was deprecated in SQLModel 0.0.14, you should
instead use `obj.model_dump()`.
"""
)
def dict(
self,
*,
include: IncEx = None,
exclude: IncEx = None,
by_alias: bool = False,
exclude_unset: bool = False,
exclude_defaults: bool = False,
exclude_none: bool = False,
) -> Dict[str, Any]:
return self.model_dump(
include=include,
exclude=exclude,
by_alias=by_alias,
exclude_unset=exclude_unset,
exclude_defaults=exclude_defaults,
exclude_none=exclude_none,
)
@classmethod
@deprecated(
"""
🚨 `obj.from_orm(data)` was deprecated in SQLModel 0.0.14, you should
instead use `obj.model_validate(data)`.
"""
)
def from_orm(
cls: Type[_TSQLModel], obj: Any, update: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None
) -> _TSQLModel:
return cls.model_validate(obj, update=update)
@classmethod
@deprecated(
"""
🚨 `obj.parse_obj(data)` was deprecated in SQLModel 0.0.14, you should
instead use `obj.model_validate(data)`.
"""
)
def parse_obj(
cls: Type[_TSQLModel], obj: Any, update: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None
) -> _TSQLModel:
if not IS_PYDANTIC_V2:
obj = cls._enforce_dict_if_root(obj) # type: ignore[attr-defined] # noqa
return cls.model_validate(obj, update=update)
# From Pydantic, override to only show keys from fields, omit SQLAlchemy attributes
@deprecated(
"""
🚨 You should not access `obj._calculate_keys()` directly.
It is only useful for Pydantic v1.X, you should probably upgrade to
Pydantic v2.X.
""",
category=None,
)
def _calculate_keys(
self,
include: Optional[Mapping[Union[int, str], Any]],
exclude: Optional[Mapping[Union[int, str], Any]],
exclude_unset: bool,
update: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
) -> Optional[AbstractSet[str]]:
return _calculate_keys(
self,
include=include,
exclude=exclude,
exclude_unset=exclude_unset,
update=update,
)
def sqlmodel_update(
self: _TSQLModel,
obj: Union[Dict[str, Any], BaseModel],
*,
update: Union[Dict[str, Any], None] = None,
) -> _TSQLModel:
use_update = (update or {}).copy()
if isinstance(obj, dict):
for key, value in {**obj, **use_update}.items():
if key in get_model_fields(self):
setattr(self, key, value)
elif isinstance(obj, BaseModel):
for key in get_model_fields(obj):
if key in use_update:
value = use_update.pop(key)
else:
value = getattr(obj, key)
setattr(self, key, value)
for remaining_key in use_update:
if remaining_key in get_model_fields(self):
value = use_update.pop(remaining_key)
setattr(self, remaining_key, value)
else:
raise ValueError(
"Can't use sqlmodel_update() with something that "
f"is not a dict or SQLModel or Pydantic model: {obj}"
)
return self